Public Records Office / Public Library
Research batch 3
Batch 3.
Batch 3 (6 Oct 2026) opens the Batch 2 leads: a national US emergency-hold framework and six US state retaliation cases with jury findings; local-language passes for Korea, Japan, Spain and East Germany; Iran and the post-Soviet states; and a mechanism update. Coverage index status changes are listed under the index table.
consolidated record; no separate original batch file supplied. The full source retains additional narrative, method, bibliography and correction sections.
Read the full source record →Alaska’s “Siberia bill” scare
Alaska, 1956
Campaign claimed the Act would allow mass psychiatric detention of political enemies
Read the recordGoldwater and the psychiatric opinions published without examination
US national, 1964–1973
Candidate declared psychologically unfit by polled psychiatrists
Read the recordFranco’s psychiatrist searched for a “red gene”
Spain, 1938–39 and after
Political opposition theorized as psychobiological inferiority; women prisoners of Málaga studied; linked to removal of children
Read the recordEast Germany: disputed claims and a contested historical account
East Germany, 1949–89
Süß (1998) found no systematic Soviet-style abuse but individual cases and psychiatrists as informers
Read the recordSouth Korea’s court challenges guardian-initiated admission
South Korea, 2016
Constitutional Court found the provision unconstitutional; 2017 law revision
Read the recordUtsunomiya: hospital deaths and the push for reform
Japan, 1984–1987
Utsunomiya scandal prompted 1987 Mental Health Act
Read the recordFifty states, fifty emergency-hold frameworks
All 50 states + D.C., laws as of 2014/2016
Every state has one; durations run from 23 hours to 10 days, 72 hours in 22 states; five states do not guarantee assessment by a qualified mental health professional; neither presentation to a judge nor prompt judicial review is uniformly required; 1.27–1.44 million…
Read the recordDenhof: a fitness examination after discrimination complaints
Michigan (Grand Rapids), 2001–2007
Officer Patricia Denhof, a plaintiff in a sex-discrimination suit, was ordered to an exam after her court testimony; the department psychologist had told the chief that about 75% of officers examined are found unfit; badge and gun confiscated
Read the recordBlake: a fitness examination and a demand for medical records
Maryland (Baltimore County), 2006–2011
Officer William Blake ordered to a fitness exam the day after testifying; county dropped the demand only after suit; DOJ investigating the county's practices
Read the recordA mayoral campaign and a police fitness examination
Illinois (village, 7th Cir.), c. 2003–2004
Officer ordered to an intrusive exam after narrowly losing an election to the incumbent mayor; psychologist advised that refusal should be deemed unfitness for "undermining the quasi-military hierarchical structure"
Read the recordAn unidentified fitness-exam verdict: a lead still to resolve
US federal district (county employee), 2003
Jury found the county unlawfully ordered a psychiatric exam and retaliated for a harassment complaint
Read the recordSpringfield: a police fitness-exam dispute
Oregon (Springfield), 2019–2020
Officer Stone ordered to a psychological exam within a month of a finding against him after he challenged colleagues' misconduct
Read the recordAshland: an examination order and a dismissal
Missouri (Ashland), 2023–2025
Officer Whitener reported the chief breaking the law; told to undergo a psychological exam, then fired without statutory process
Read the recordDuluth: an officer alleges retaliation after confidential reports
Minnesota (Duluth), filed 1 Mar 2026
Lt. Drozdowski, head of the behavioral health unit, reassigned, placed on leave and ordered to an exam after reporting officer misconduct; cleared by internal investigation yet still ordered
Read the recordThe Soma affair and family confinement in Japan
Japan, 1883–1895
Retainer Nishikori Gōsei alleged Lord Sōma Tomotane was wrongfully confined by relatives in an inheritance dispute; the scandal produced the 1900 Mental Patients' Custody Act, which legalized home confinement (私宅監置) for 50 years
Read the recordPolitical psychiatry across the post-Soviet states
Russia, Crimea, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Jun 2012–Apr 2017
Named cases: Ilmi Umerov (Crimea); Natalia Ulasik, Zinaida Mukhortova, Alexander Bondarenko, Lyudmila Khromina (Kazakhstan); Mikhail Kosenko, Maxim Panfilov, Stanislav Klykh and nine others (Russia); Jamshid Karimov, Elena Urlaeva (Uzbekistan)
Read the recordIran: psychiatric transfers reported after protest
Iran, 2016–2024
Kianoush Sanjari chained to a bed two weeks at Aminabad; Hengameh Shahidi sent to Aminabad instead of a medical hospital; a student transferred 16 Nov 2022 without notice to family or lawyer; Saman Yasin hospitalized 23 Jul 2023, two days after his prison audio message…
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